Analysing About Ears And Eyes…. Are They Connected? How?

The Ear

The ear is the organ of hearing and, in

mammals, balance. In mammals, the ear is

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usually described as having three main parts which are—the

outer ear , middle ear and the inner ear . The

outer ear consists of the pinnae and the ear

canal . Since the outer ear is the only visible

portion of the ear in most animals, the term

“ear” often refers to the outer part alone. +

The middle ear includes the tympanic cavity and

the three ossicles . The inner ear sits in the bony

labyrinth ,

and contains structures which are key

to several senses: the semicircular canals ,

which enable balance and eye tracking when

moving; the utricle and saccule, which enable

balance when stationary; and the cochlea, which

enables hearing.

The ears of vertebrates are

placed  symmetrically on either side of

the head, an arrangement that aids sound

localisation .

The ear develops from the first pharyngeal

pouch and six small swellings that develop in the

early embryo called otic placodes , which are

derived from ectoderm.

The ear may be affected by disease, including

infection and traumatic damage. Diseases of the

ear may lead to hearing loss, tinnitus and

balance disorders such as vertigo , although

many of these conditions may also be affected

by damage to the brain or neural pathways

leading from the ear.

The ear has been adorned by earrings and other

jewellery in the copious cultures for thousands of

years, and has been subjected to surgical and

cosmetic alterations.

The Eye  The Ear

The ear is the organ of hearing and, in

mammals, balance. In mammals, the ear is

usually described as having three main parts which are—the

outer ear , middle ear and the inner ear . The

outer ear consists of the pinnae and the ear

canal . Since the outer ear is the only visible

portion of the ear in most animals, the term

“ear” often refers to the outer part alone. +

The middle ear includes the tympanic cavity and

the three ossicles . The inner ear sits in the bony

labyrinth ,

and contains structures which are key

to several senses: the semicircular canals ,

which enable balance and eye tracking when

moving; the utricle and saccule, which enable

balance when stationary; and the cochlea, which

enables hearing.

The ears of vertebrates are

placed  symmetrically on either side of

the head, an arrangement that aids sound

localisation .

The ear develops from the first pharyngeal

pouch and six small swellings that develop in the

early embryo called otic placodes , which are

derived from ectoderm.

The ear may be affected by disease, including

infection and traumatic damage. Diseases of the

ear may lead to hearing loss, tinnitus and

balance disorders such as vertigo , although

many of these conditions may also be affected

by damage to the brain or neural pathways

leading from the ear.

The ear has been adorned by earrings and other

jewellery in the copious cultures for thousands of

years, and has been subjected to surgical and

cosmetic alterations.

The Eye

Eyes are organs of the visual system . They

provide organisms vision, the ability to process

visual detail, as well as enabling several photo

response functions that are independent of

vision. Eyes detect light and convert it into

electro-chemical impulses in neurons. In higher

organisms, the eye is a complex optical system

which collects light from the surrounding

environment, regulates its intensity through a

diaphragm , focuses it through an adjustable

assembly of lenses to form an image, converts

this image into a set of electrical signals, and

transmits these signals to the brain through

complex neural pathways that connect the eye

via the optic nerve to the visual cortex and other

areas of the brain. Eyes with resolving power

have come in ten fundamentally different forms,

and 96% of animal species possess a complex

optical system. [+] Image-resolving eyes are

present in molluscs , chordates and

arthropods .[+]

The simplest “eyes”, such as those in

microorganisms , do nothing but detect whether

the surroundings are light or dark , which is

sufficient for the entrainment of circadian

rhythms .[+ From more complex eyes, retinal

photosensitive ganglion cells send signals along

the retinohypothalamic tract to the

suprachiasmatic nuclei to effect circadian

adjustment and to the pretectal area to control

the pupillary light reflex.

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