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Medical: The Visual Prosthetic Helps The Blind To See
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Research suggests that the new visual prostheses can help these people restore visual signals to their brain. Millions of people areund the world have different forms of progressive retinal degeneration. These conditions cause blindness, slowly but surely. But a study has recently shown in Italy that this method helps adults to retrain their brains to see again overturning old attitudes about the brain’s plasticity. New research in Italy shows that visual prostheses can help these people restore visual signals to their brain. In many patients with retinitis pigmentosa one of many retinal generative conditions that lead to blindness. The Argus II retinal prosthesis system sends small light pulses to the retina’s remaining cells, bypassing damaged photoreceptors. And stimumating the few remaining retinal cells. These cells then transmit this visual information along the optic nerve to the brain, allowing the person to perceive light patterns and eventually see again. Before this surgery all the patients had been blind for 20 years. At the most they had bare light perception. MRI imaging was also done to observe their brain activity monitoring blood oxygen levels as their neurons fired. Scientists found after implanting the system there was an increase of signals in the subcortical structure of the brain known as the lateral geniculate nucleas. The first relay station of visual information along the visual pathway before reaching the cortex. The recovery of the vision depended on the amount of time and practice the subject experienced with the implant. The more the training and monitoring by the doctors the more the improvement. This study shows that the adult brain has greater plastic potential than research had previously shown. The results of this study are important because it is often thought that the ability of our brain to reorganise itself and adapt to a new condition by a property called plasticity is confined mainly to childhood. Now with breakthrough in visual prosthetics, research may be able to make significant strides to retrain adult brains to see again. source http://www.mentalfloss.com.
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